الأستاذ هشام بيرام

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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">بسم الله الرحمان الرحيم</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><u>ثالثا: التحليل</u></b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><u><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>1. مفهوم عقود المعاوضة وأنواعها:</span></u><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><u><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span> أ. 
مفهوم العقد:</span></u><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>- لغة : الربط  والجمع 
والشد المحكم ، نقول مثلا : عَقَدَ طَرَفَيْ الحبل ، أي رَبَطَ  وَشَدَّ أحدهما بالآخر .</span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>- واصطلاحا : هو اتفاق
بين شخصين راشدين ، </span><span lang="AR-SA">ينشأ عنه التزام إراديّ</span><span lang="AR-MA">ٌ</span><span lang="AR-SA"> حُرّ</span><span lang="AR-MA">ٌ</span><span lang="AR-SA"> من الطرفين،
بإمضاء تصرف ينسجم مع الشرع </span><span lang="AR-SA"> </span><span lang="AR-SA">والقانون . </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>- ما هو الحكم الشرعي
للعقود ؟ مستدلا بنص قرآني ؟  </span><span lang="AR-SA">وجوب
الوفاء بها ، حسب ما تراضى عليه طرفاها</span><span lang="AR-SA"> </span><span lang="AR-MA"> ما
دامت  مشروعة ، والدليل من الآية : 1 ، في
سورة</span><span lang="AR-MA"> </span><span lang="AR-MA">المائدة .</span><span lang="AR-MA"> </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><u><span lang="AR-MA">ب . مفهوم عقود المعاوضة : </span></u><span lang="AR-MA">“ هي العقود التي ينشأ عنها التزام إرادي حُرّ ٌ بين
المتعاقدين، بأداء التزاماتهما المتقابلة أخذا وعطاءً ، لتملك عين – البيع –  أو الاستفادة من منفعة – الكراء أو
الإيجار–   أو خدمة – الإجارة -   أو اكتساب حق مالي مقابل ثمن ”.</span><span lang="AR-MA"> أو
هي  باختصار : “ العقود التي يأخذ فيها كل
طرف عوضا ومقابلا عما يعطيه ” .<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><u><span lang="AR-MA">ج. أنواع العقود العوضية، أركانها وشروطها:</span></u><u><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></u></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">العقد<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">تعريفه<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">أركانه<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">شروطه<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">البيع<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- هو مقابلة مال قابل للتصرف فيه بمال مثله
  ، مع الإيجاب والقَبُولِ ، على الوجه المأذون به شرعا .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-MA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- العاقدان: البائع والمشتري .</span><span lang="AR-MA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- التمييز والرشد والتملك الصحيح وحرية
  الإرادة .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-MA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- المحل : المبيع والثمن . </span><span lang="AR-MA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- طاهرا غير نجس ، منتفعا به ، معلوما ، مَقْدُورًا
  على تسليمه وتسلمه ، غير منهي عن بيعه .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-MA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- الصيغة: الإيجاب والقبول . </span><span lang="AR-MA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- كل ما يدل على الرضا بين الطرفين .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-MA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">الكراء<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- هو عقد يمنح المكري بمقتضاه للمكتري
  منفعة منقول أوعقار ،  خلال مدة معينة ،
  مقابل أجرة محددة . </span><span lang="AR-MA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- العاقدان: المُكْرِي
  والمُكْتَرِي . </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>-
  التمييز والرشد والحرية والملك الصحيح .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span>
  </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">- منفعة
  العين المكتراة .<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- سومة
  الكراء .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>-
  معلومة ، مباحة  ومقدور على تسليمها .<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- مالا  معلوم 
  القدر والصفة .  </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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  <div dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- الصيغة: الإيجاب
  والقبول</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>.</span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 18.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 192.45pt;" valign="top" width="257">
  <div dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>-
  الرضا بين الطرفين .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span>
  </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr style="height: 17.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
  <td rowspan="3" style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 17.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 50.75pt;" width="68">
  <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">الإجارة<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td rowspan="3" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 184.25pt;" valign="top" width="246">
  <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- هي عقد يكون المعقود عليه فيه ، عملا
  معلوما ، مقابل أجر  محدد .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-MA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.5pt;" valign="top" width="169">
  <div dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- العاقدان:
  المستأجر  والأجير . </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 17.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 192.45pt;" valign="top" width="257">
  <div dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>-
  التمييز  والرشد والتملك الصحيح وحرية
  الإرادة.</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.3pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 12.3pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.5pt;" valign="top" width="169">
  <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">-  الأجرة .<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">-  والعمل</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>.</span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 12.3pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 192.45pt;" valign="top" width="257">
  <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>-  معلومة
  القدر والعدد ، والأجل { مقيدة بعمل أو بزمن } .<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">-  مباحا .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.5pt;" valign="top" width="169">
  <div dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- الصيغة: الإيجاب
  والقبول .  </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 192.45pt;" valign="top" width="257">
  <div dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 14.4pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>- الرضا بين الطرفين .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr style="height: 6.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
  <td rowspan="3" style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 6.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 50.75pt;" width="68">
  <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">القراض<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td rowspan="3" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 6.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 184.25pt;" valign="top" width="246">
  <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- عقد يقوم على دفع المالك جزءً من ماله ،
  لطرف ثان يتاجر به ، مقابل نسبة من الربح يتفقان عليها.</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span lang="AR-MA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 6.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.5pt;" width="169">
  <div dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- العاقدان : الشريكان .</span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 6.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 192.45pt;" width="257">
  <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>- عدم اشتراط  شيء من الربح للإنفراد  به  دون
  الآخر . </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>- عدم اشتراط  ضمان رأس المال على العامل .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr style="height: 20.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 20.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.5pt;" width="169">
  <div dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- المعقود عليه : المال والعمل .</span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 20.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 192.45pt;" width="257">
  <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>- رأس المال: نقدا ،
  حاضرا ، محدد المقدار.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- تحديد نسبة قسمة الربح .</span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>- عدم تحديد أجل
  معلوم للعمل في مال القراض </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr style="height: 25.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 25.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.5pt;" width="169">
  <div dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- الصيغة : الإيجاب والقبول .</span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 25.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 192.45pt;" width="257">
  <div dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>- الرضا بين الطرفين .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>2<u>.  خصائص العقود العوضية:</u></span><span lang="AR-MA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<u><span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">أ. الخصائص المشتركة بين العقود العوضية: <o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">

<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" dir="rtl" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: -16.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-dir: bidi; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
 <tbody>
<tr>
  <td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 106.4pt;" width="142">
  <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">-  رضائية ؛<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-right: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 440.5pt;" width="587">
  <div dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- أي نابعة من إرادة المتعاقدين الحرة و
  الاختيارية  بدون  إكراه أو إجبار .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span>
  </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr>
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 106.4pt;" width="142">
  <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>-  ملزمة 
  ؛<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 440.5pt;" width="587">
  <div dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- أي تُصْبِحُ ملزمة فور حصول التراضي والتوافق بين
  المتعاقدين . </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr>
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 106.4pt;" width="142">
  <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span>-  عوضية ؛<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 440.5pt;" width="587">
  <div dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- أي أن كل متعاقد في ذمته حق يجب أن يؤديه للآخر
  أخذا  وعطاءً .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span>
  </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<u><span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<u><span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">ب. الخصائص التي ينفرد بها كل عقد عوضي:<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">

<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" dir="rtl" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-dir: bidi; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
 <tbody>
<tr>
  <td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 111.1pt;" width="148">
  <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">نوعها<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-right: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 426.85pt;" width="569">
  <div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">مقاصد العقود العوضية</span><span lang="AR-MA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr>
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 111.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="148">
  <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<u><span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">التربوية
  ؛<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 426.85pt;" valign="top" width="569">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA">- الانقياد والطاعة لأوامر الله تعالى  واجتناب نواهيه المتعلقة بنظام العقود
  العوضية .  </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">-<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span><span lang="AR-MA">التربية على قيم الوفاء والعفة والحرص على إعطاء الناس حقوقهم.</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr>
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 111.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="148">
  <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<u><span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">الاجتماعية
  ؛<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 426.85pt;" valign="top" width="569">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">-<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span><span lang="AR-MA">المحافظة على الاستقرار والسلم
  الاجتماعيين .<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">-<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span><span lang="AR-MA">الحفاظ على سلامة العلاقات
  الاجتماعية .</span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span>- <span lang="AR-MA">تبادل المنافع بين الناس، وتحقيق التعاون
  والأخوة بينهم، فيستقيم بذلك معاشهم.  </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr>
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 111.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="148">
  <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">التنظيمية
  ؛<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 426.85pt;" valign="top" width="569">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">-<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span><span lang="AR-MA">نشر أجواء الثقة بين الناس . <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">- <span lang="AR-MA">وضوح العلاقات التعاقدية بينهم .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr>
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 111.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="148">
  <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">الحقوقية
  ؛<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 426.85pt;" valign="top" width="569">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">-<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span><span lang="AR-MA">إعطاء قيمة إثباتية للعقود ،
  ضمانا للحقوق وحمايتها من كل تلاعب .<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">-<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span><span lang="AR-MA">إبراء ذمة المؤدين للحقوق بعقود
  ذات قيمة إبرائية ، </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr>
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 111.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="148">
  <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<u><span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">الاقتصادية
  ؛<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 426.85pt;" valign="top" width="569">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">- <span lang="AR-MA">عقود تيسر وتضبط المعاملات
  المالية ، مما يؤدي إلى الاستقرار والتطور الاقتصادي . <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">-<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span><span lang="AR-MA">عقود تساير تطور الحركة
  الاقتصادية .</span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span>-<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span><span lang="AR-MA">تشجع المستثمرين على الإسهام في الحركة
  الاقتصادية والمالية . </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr>
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 111.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="148">
  <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">التنموية .<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 426.85pt;" valign="top" width="569">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">-<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span><span lang="AR-MA">عقود ضابطة تمنع كل أشكال الاستغلال والظلم والإكراه .<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin: 0cm 36pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">-<span style="font-stretch: normal;"> </span><span lang="AR-MA">عقود متنوعة و منفتحة تُسْهِمُ  في التنمية .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span>4</span><u><span lang="AR-MA">.</span></u></span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><u><span lang="AR-MA"> كيف نستفيد من
العقود العوضية للإندماج في المحيط الاقتصادي ؟</span></u></span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="AR-MA"> إن حفظ المال
وتنميته رهين بتعلم أحكام المعاملات المالية في الإسلام، خاصة العقود العوضية،  تجنبا للطرق المحرمة في الكسب، لذا وجب على
المسلم:</span></span></div>
<br />
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span> تعلم أحكامها قبل مباشرة الكسب وإلا أكل
     الحرام شاء أم أبى ؛</span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span> الاستعانة بأهل الخبرة تجنبا للإضرار  بالنفس أو  بالغير ؛</span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span> التخصص في دراسة علوم التجارة والتسيير
     المقاولاتي ؛</span><span dir="LTR"><o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span></span><span lang="AR-MA"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span> الانضباط 
     للمعايير  والأحكام الشرعية في
     بناء العقود . </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>

نظام العقود العوضية: الخصائص والمقاصد - الدرس النظري -

بسم الله الرحمان الرحيم ثالثا: التحليل 1. مفهوم عقود المعاوضة وأنواعها: أ. مفهوم العقد: - لغة : الربط والجمع والشد المحكم ، نقول...

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